Patterns and determinants of treatment for coronary artery disease: A cross-sectional study in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Authors

• Sameer H. Al-Ghamdi, From the Department of Family and Community Medicine (Al-Ghamdi, AlAjmi); from the College of Medicine (Aldosari), Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj; and from the Adult Critical Care Medicine Department (Aldosari), Security Forces Hospital Program, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
• Khalid Hadi Aldosari, From the Department of Family and Community Medicine (Al-Ghamdi, AlAjmi); from the College of Medicine (Aldosari), Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj; and from the Adult Critical Care Medicine Department (Aldosari), Security Forces Hospital Program, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
• Mansour M. AlAjmi, From the Department of Family and Community Medicine (Al-Ghamdi, AlAjmi); from the College of Medicine (Aldosari), Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj; and from the Adult Critical Care Medicine Department (Aldosari), Security Forces Hospital Program, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the clinical and coronary angiographic characteristics of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and the patterns and determinants of CAD treatment in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study including 242 patients at 3 hospitals in KSA between June 2018 and June 2019. We included all patients aged ≥18 years diagnosed with CAD on angiography. We carried out a multinomial logistic regression to ascertain the determinants of treatment patterns and treatment modalities. Covariates for this multivariate analysis were selected based on univariate regressions. Results: The study population had a mean ± standard deviation of 58.3 ± 11.8 years, and 66.1% were male. The most frequent cardiovascular risk factor was diabetes (58.7%). Lesions involving the left anterior descending were reported among 68.6%, left circumflex among 51.2%, and right coronary arteries (RCA) among 48.8% of our patients. The most common treatment was the best medical therapy (lifestyle modifications and medical management), prescribed to 69.8% of patients. Patients aged ≤60 years with the left main disease or disease of the ramus had a higher likelihood of undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Contrarily, patients with RCA lesions were more likely to undergo a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Conclusion: Patient age and anatomical localization of coronary atherosclerotic lesions were the main determinants of treatment with CABG or PCI.

Article Type

Research Article

First Page

895

Last Page

902

Recommended Citation

Al-Ghamdi, Sameer H.; Aldosari, Khalid Hadi; and AlAjmi, Mansour M. (2021) "Patterns and determinants of treatment for coronary artery disease: A cross-sectional study in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia," Saudi Medical Journal: Vol. 42: Iss. 8, Article 12.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15537/smj.2021.42.8.20210219