Predictive value of ferritin, glucose, urea, and creatinine for COVID-19 severity and mortality in patients from Asir, Saudi Arabia

Authors

• Ahmad A. Shaikh, From the the Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences (Shaikh, Makkawi, Alasmari), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, and from the Department of Clinical Laboratory (Mubasher), Asir Central Hospital, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
• Turki A. Mubasher, From the the Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences (Shaikh, Makkawi, Alasmari), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, and from the Department of Clinical Laboratory (Mubasher), Asir Central Hospital, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
• Mohammed H. Makkawi, From the the Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences (Shaikh, Makkawi, Alasmari), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, and from the Department of Clinical Laboratory (Mubasher), Asir Central Hospital, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
• Sultan Z. Alasmari, From the the Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences (Shaikh, Makkawi, Alasmari), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, and from the Department of Clinical Laboratory (Mubasher), Asir Central Hospital, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Objectives: To correlate demographics, blood groupings, and laboratory characteristics of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with disease severity and outcomes. Methods: This study included 294 COVID-19 patients. Data on patient age, gender, laboratory results, clinical severity, mortality, comorbidities, and blood group were obtained from medical records retrospectively. Results: High levels of ferritin ( p <0.01), urea ( p <0.0001), and creatinine ( p <0.05) were detected in intensive care unit (ICU)-admitted patients. Ferritin ( p <0.05), glucose ( p <0.0001), urea ( p <0.0001), and creatinine ( p <0.0001) were significantly higher in non-survivor compared to survivor COVID-19 patients. Predictors for ICU admission among patients were ferritin (odd ratio [OR]=0.999, p =0.0055) and urea (OR=0.991, p =0.0001). Predictors for mortality were: age (OR=0.963, p =0.0001), ferritin (OR=0.999, p =0.0149), glucose (OR=0.993, p =0.0001), urea (OR=0.976, p =0.0001), and creatinine (OR=0.556, p =0.0001). The most reliable laboratory parameters in predicting mortality were: age (area under the curve [AUC]=0.685, p <0.0001), ferritin (AUC=0.610, p <0.05), glucose (AUC=0.681, p <0.0001), urea (AUC=0.856, p <0.0001), and creatinine (AUC=0.823, p <0.0001). Conclusion: High ferritin, glucose, urea, and creatinine levels may predict poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients. These findings could help predict admissions to the ICU and mortality among such patients.

Article Type

Research Article

First Page

773

Last Page

781

Recommended Citation

Shaikh, Ahmad A.; Mubasher, Turki A.; Makkawi, Mohammed H.; and Alasmari, Sultan Z. (2023) "Predictive value of ferritin, glucose, urea, and creatinine for COVID-19 severity and mortality in patients from Asir, Saudi Arabia," Saudi Medical Journal: Vol. 44: Iss. 8, Article 8.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15537/smj.2023.44.8.20230162