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Abstract

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of surgical site infection (SSI) and identify associated risk factors in hospitals in Al Madinah Al Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 363 adult surgical patients from major hospitals in Madinah between 2023 and 2024. We analyzed medical records using descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and multivariable logistic regression.

Results: The overall SSI rate was 5.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.3–7.9%). Infection types comprised superficial incisional (57.9%), deep incisional (36.8%), and organ/space infections (5.3%). Significant risk factors included younger age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.94 per year, p = 0.014), increased body mass index (BMI) (aOR = 1.10 per unit, p = 0.043), orthopedic surgery compared with general surgery (aOR = 47.46, p = 0.033), and dirty wounds compared with clean wounds (aOR = 28.07, p = 0.005). Despite high rates of prophylactic antibiotic use (82.1% preoperative, 17.4% intra-operative, and 90.9% postoperative), no significant association with SSI risk was observed.

Conclusion: The SSI rate in Al Madinah Al Munawwarah hospitals is higher than previously reported. Variations across hospitals and surgical specialties highlight the need for targeted infection prevention strategies, particularly for high-risk procedures and in facilities with elevated infection rates.

Article Type

Original Study

First Page

1210

Last Page

1218

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